Aesthetic
Surgery
The
term "aesthetic surgery" refers to surgery that is designed to make
cosmetic, or appearance better. Aesthetic or cosmetic surgery is a very popular
form of plastic and reconstructive surgery. Plastic reconstructive and
aesthetic surgery is recognized as the surgical subspecialty dedicated to the
surgical repair of defects of form or function and this includes aesthetic
surgery, as well as reconstructive surgery.
The
most prevalent aesthetic procedures are listed below. Most of these types of
cosmetic surgery are more commonly known by their "common names":
- Rhinoplasty
(or "nose job"): Simply this procedure
involves reshaping of the nose. This operation reshapes
the nose by reducing or increasing its size, removing nasal hump, changing
shape of tip or bridge, narrowing span of nostrils, or changing angle
between nose and upper lip. This operation may also relieve some breathing
problems.
- Breast
augmentation (or "breast enlargement"):
This procedure enhances the size of breasts
using either saline or silicone gel filled
implants.
- Breast
reduction: This operation involves removal of skin and
glandular tissue of the breast. This procedure is indicated to reduce back
and shoulder pain or for psychological benefit in women with macromastia.
Patients who undergo breast reduction surgery frequently are looking for
relief from physical symptoms caused by the excessive weight of large
breasts. Breast reduction surgery usually can solve these problems as well
as improve the size and shape of breasts. Following breast reduction,
breasts will be more proportional to the rest the body, and clothes will
fit better.
- Mastopexy
(or "breast lift"): This procedure raises and reshapes sagging breasts by removing excess
skin and repositioning remaining tissue and nipples. Thus this
operation involves removal of breast skin as opposed to glandular tissue.
- Gynecomastia (or "male
breast reduction"): This procedure reduces
enlarged, female-like breast in men using liposuction and/or cutting out
excess glandular tissue.
- Abdominoplasty
(or "tummy tuck"): This operation involves
reshaping (flattening) and firming of the abdomen
by removing excess fat and skin and tightening muscles of anterior
abdominal wall.
- Blepharoplasty
(or "eyelid surgery"): This
operation involves reshaping of the eyelids. This procedure corrects drooping upper eyelids and puffy bags below
the eyes by removing excess fat, skin, and muscle.
- Otoplasty
(or "ear surgery"): This procedure consists of
reshaping of the ear. This operation sets
prominent ears back closer to the head, or reduces the size of large ears.
This procedure is most often done on children between the ages of 4 and 14
years.
- Rhytidectomy (or "face lift"):
This procedure involves removal of wrinkles and signs of aging from the
face. This operation improves sagging facial
skin, jowls, and loose neck skin by removing excess skin, fat, tightening
muscles, and redraping skin. This operation is most often done on men and
women over the age of 40.
- Suction-Assisted Lipectomy
(or "liposuction"):
This procedure involves removal of exercise-resistant fat deposits with a
tube and vacuum device from the body to improve body shape. This operation
can be performed using the tumescent
technique, in which targeted fat cells are infused with saline
containing a local anesthetic before liposuction to reduce post-operative
bruising and swelling. Common locations for liposuction consists of chin,
cheeks, neck, upper arms, above breasts, abdomen, buttocks, hips, thighs,
knees, calves, and ankles. For larger volumes of fat removal or for
fibrous body areas, ultrasound-assisted
lipoplasty (UAL) may be used. UAL is a new liposuction technique in
which an ultrasound probe is inserted beneath the skin to
"liquify" the fat before it is suctioned.
- Hair restoration
surgery: This procedure fills in balding
areas with patient's own hair using a variety of techniques including
scalp reduction, tissue expansion, strip grafts, scalp flaps, or clusters
of punch grafts (plugs, miniplugs and microplugs). This procedure works
best on men with male pattern baldness after hair loss has stopped.
- Dermabrasion: This procedure involves mechanical scraping of the top layers of
skin using a high-speed rotary wheel. This procedure softens sharp edges
of surface irregularities, including acne and other scars and fine
wrinkles, especially around the mouth.
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